Structural Steel
All HMT tooling in this category is suitable for the common grades of steel.
Versadrive ImpactaTaps are designed for creating internal threads in correctly sized pilot holes using suitable impact or rotary tools. This guide covers material suitability, machine selection, material thickness, lubrication, adapters, best practice, recommended impact torque (ft-lbs) and rotary RPM.
The torque and RPM recommendations in this guide apply to UNC ImpactaTaps (including MAX inch sizes) and Metric Coarse ImpactaTaps.
All HMT tooling in this category is suitable for the common grades of steel.
This category of tooling is not generally suitable for hardened steel applications.
Suitable for harder materials such as stainless steel when used at reduced RPM (rotary drilling machines) or higher torque settings (impact wrenches).
All HMT tooling in this category is suitable for non-ferrous materials.
| Machine | Suitable? | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Impact Wrench / Impact Driver | Yes | Suitable for through-hole tapping applications. Select the correct torque using the torque table below. If an exact match is not available, select the closest torque setting above the recommendation. |
| Rotary Pistol Drill | Yes, smaller sizes | Suitable for pistol drill use up to around M10 diameter. Larger tap diameters on rotary pistol drills can generate high levels of resistance and drill kickback. Select the correct RPM using the table below. |
| Compact Magnet Drill | Generally no | Compact magnet drills are not usually suitable for tapping as they do not usually have the correct features, such as reverse or variable speed. |
| Large Magnet / Pillar Drill | Yes, where suitable | Suitable for tapping if the machine has gear speed options, variable speed and a reversing feature. |
Up to 1/8"
1/8" – 1/2"
1/2" – 1"
Above 1"
All HMT taps in this category are suitable for sheet metal, standard plate and medium plate. Standard practice is for the thread depth to match the thread diameter – e.g. a 1/2" thread typically requires around 1/2" of thread depth.
For heavy plate above 1", consider heavy duty tapping options such as 308015 long series taps.
This guide refers to through-hole tapping. For blind-hole tapping, Spiral Flute ImpactaTaps are primarily recommended, along with a Versadrive Clutched Adapter to prevent the tap breaking when it makes contact with the bottom of the hole.
Recommended for all general purpose tapping applications.
Recommended for overhead drilling and other applications where liquid lubricant is not suitable.
Suitable for general drilling applications. For tapping operations, use the appropriate tapping lubricant such as SpeedLube.
All the tools in this category are suitable for use in impact wrenches (see torque table).
The Versadrive hex shank fits into any standard drill chuck. 5" and 12" Versadrive extension arbors will fit into all drill chucks.
All Versadrive taps can be adapted for use in magnet drills with the 111130 adapter. Magnet drills must have a reverse function to be suitable for tapping.
All Versadrive taps can be adapted for use in Morse Taper drills with the 111045 adapters.
Pilot drill the exact tapping size hole for best results.
When tapping into box section, ensure the tip of the tooling does not contact the far side of the box section at the same time.
Apply firm, steady feed pressure throughout the cut. Excess feed pressure will increase heat build-up and reduce tool life.
There are many customer reports of HMT tooling lasting for hundreds of holes. However, due to the demanding nature of some portable drilling applications, this can vary widely depending on the application.
HMT can take the MATLAS details of your application and provide an estimate of tool life.
Standard ImpactaTaps are recommended for through-hole applications only. For blind-hole tapping, use Spiral Flute ImpactaTaps with a Versadrive Clutched Adapter.
Tap the hole in one pass where possible, applying adequate lubrication before you start.
If the tap is over-run from the hole once it is tapped, remove the tap from the adapter and locate it in the thread by hand before reversing, to remove the risk of cross-threading.
Avoid lateral movement or tilting, which can cause damage to the tooling. Do not use excessive feed pressure – steady feed pressure keeps the tool better controlled and held at 90° to the cut, which helps prevent snagging, chipping or kick-back. Try to maintain a consistent flow of swarf.
When re-threading an existing thread, use caution to avoid cross-threading, which can lead to tap breakage or thread damage.
To avoid damage to the tap, insert and start the tap into the thread by hand before driving it through at the correct torque.
Ensure the tap is inserted squarely to the hole. Poorly aligned or off-center taps will greatly increase the risk of breakage.
Select the correct torque for impact tools using the table below. If an exact match is not available, select the closest torque setting above the recommendation. Impact torque recommendations are the minimum required; for most applications additional torque is a benefit.
| Thread Diameter | 1/4" Steel | 1/2" Steel | 1" Steel |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/4" | 105 | 180 | 295 |
| 5/16" | 110 | 205 | 320 |
| 3/8" | 125 | 220 | 325 |
| 1/2" | 135 | 235 | 375 |
| 5/8" | 145 | 265 | 425 |
| 3/4" | 185 | 295 | 470 |
| 7/8" | N/A | 370 | 575 |
| 1" | N/A | 515 | 735 |
| 1-1/8" | N/A | N/A | 820 |
| 1-1/4" | N/A | N/A | 910 |
| 1-3/8" | N/A | N/A | 1245 |
| 1-1/2" | N/A | N/A | 1390 |
| 1-3/4" | N/A | N/A | 2050 |
The inch table applies to UNC ImpactaTaps, including MAX inch sizes. The metric table applies to Metric Coarse ImpactaTaps. Torque recommendations for UNF and NPT ImpactaTaps are not yet published. Please contact HMT for guidance.
| Thread Diameter | 6 mm Steel | 12 mm Steel | 25 mm Steel |
|---|---|---|---|
| M3 | 105 | 160 | N/A |
| M4 | 120 | 180 | N/A |
| M5 | 135 | 200 | N/A |
| M6 | 140 | 240 | 400 |
| M8 | 150 | 280 | 430 |
| M10 | 170 | 300 | 480 |
| M12 | 185 | 320 | 512 |
| M14 | 190 | 340 | 544 |
| M16 | 200 | 360 | 576 |
| M20 | 315 | 400 | 640 |
| M24 | N/A | 600 | 960 |
| M27 | N/A | 740 | 1184 |
| M30 | N/A | 800 | 1200 |
| M33 | N/A | N/A | 1400 |
| M36 | N/A | N/A | 1640 |
| M39 | N/A | N/A | 1860 |
| M42 | N/A | N/A | 2440 |
Select the correct RPM when using rotary drive tools using the table below. The inch table applies to UNC ImpactaTaps, including MAX inch sizes; the metric table applies to Metric Coarse ImpactaTaps.
| Thread Diameter | Structural Steel <500 MPa | Structural Steel <1000 MPa | Stainless Steel (INOX) | Aluminum | Cast Iron (Grey) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/4" | 485 | 405 | 325 | 1455 | 650 |
| 5/16" | 365 | 310 | 245 | 1095 | 485 |
| 3/8" | 295 | 245 | 195 | 870 | 390 |
| 1/2" | 240 | 200 | 162 | 730 | 330 |
| 5/8" | 185 | 155 | 125 | 550 | 243 |
| 3/4" | 145 | 125 | 100 | 440 | 194 |
| 7/8" | 130 | 115 | 92 | 410 | 180 |
| 1" | 120 | 100 | 85 | 370 | 165 |
| 1-1/8" | 96 | 78 | 59 | 303 | 128 |
| 1-1/4" | 90 | 75 | 55 | 300 | 120 |
| 1-3/8" | 78 | 63 | 48 | 246 | 104 |
| 1-1/2" | 50 | 41 | 31 | 158 | 67 |
| 1-3/4" | 40 | 32 | 24 | 126 | 53 |
| Thread Diameter | Structural Steel <500 MPa | Structural Steel <1000 MPa | Stainless Steel (INOX) | Aluminum | Cast Iron (Grey) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M3 | 960 | 809 | 650 | 2700 | 1295 |
| M4 | 730 | 610 | 490 | 2060 | 975 |
| M5 | 585 | 485 | 385 | 1750 | 780 |
| M6 | 485 | 405 | 325 | 1455 | 650 |
| M8 | 365 | 310 | 245 | 1095 | 485 |
| M10 | 295 | 245 | 195 | 870 | 390 |
| M12 | 240 | 200 | 162 | 730 | 330 |
| M14 | 210 | 175 | 140 | 625 | 275 |
| M16 | 185 | 155 | 125 | 550 | 243 |
| M20 | 145 | 125 | 100 | 440 | 194 |
| M24 | 120 | 100 | 85 | 370 | 165 |
| M27 | 105 | 90 | 75 | 330 | 145 |
| M30 | 95 | 80 | 60 | 310 | 130 |
| M33 | 84 | 68 | 51 | 265 | 112 |
| M36 | 72 | 58 | 44 | 228 | 96 |
| M39 | 54 | 44 | 33 | 171 | 72 |
| M42 | 40 | 32 | 24 | 126 | 53 |